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White albatross butterfly

Appias albina

Lepidoptera / Pieridae

Appias albina is a pierid butterfly with geographically variable colour forms. In northern Australia, its breeding cycle follows the summer monsoon and fresh growth of the larval host, Drypetes deplanchei.

Read the species account
Appias albina, dorsal view
White albatross butterflyAppias albina · Dorsal view.

At a glance

Family ↘
Pieridae, the whites and sulphurs. [1]
Regional host ↘
Drypetes deplanchei in northern Australian observations. [3]
Variation ↘
Females include white, yellow and intermediate forms in the Australian study. [3]

Identity and classification

Appias albina belongs to Pieridae and is placed in the subgenus Catophaga. The 2010 Australian study treats the northern Australian population as A. albina albina. [1][2][3]

Morphology and identification

A Naturalis specimen from Mindoro, Philippines, shows pale wings with a narrow dark forewing costal edge and pale yellow at the wing bases. The northern Australian study records three female colour forms: white, yellow and intermediate. [5][3]

Range and habitat

In northern Australia, the species inhabits coastal semi-deciduous monsoon vine thickets where Drypetes deplanchei grows along lateritic edges and cliffs. The Naturalis collection also contains a documented Mindoro specimen dated 22 February 1985. [3][5]

Life cycle

The northern Australian study reports a life cycle of approximately four weeks. Adult appearance coincided with the annual flush of host foliage at the start of the summer monsoon; the flight season lasted about two months. [3]

Food and host plants

Caterpillars in the northern Australian study fed on the foliage of Drypetes deplanchei. The plant’s fresh monsoonal growth supplies the larval resource during the local breeding period. [3]

Research and notable features

The three female forms in the northern Australian study are sex-limited colour variation within the same taxon: white, yellow and intermediate females occur in A. albina albina. [3]

Nomenclature and history

The Appias revision places the original material associated with albina in Ambon. The modern account retains the species in Appias, subgenus Catophaga. [2]

Specimen views

The paired Naturalis photographs provide upper- and underside views of a documented Mindoro specimen. The Australian study complements this material with its description of female colour forms. [5][3]

Artistic interpretation

The illustration emphasizes pale wing fields, narrow dark margins and the subtle yellow near the body.

Display and care

Keep the enclosure closed and display it in indirect light, away from heat and damp conditions. Handle the frame by its edges and clean only its exterior according to the maker’s instructions.

Identification and evidence notes

Are all females the same colour? Northern Australian A. albina albina includes white, yellow and intermediate female forms. [3]

How long is the local breeding cycle? The Australian study reports development in about four weeks during a monsoonal flight period of approximately two months. [3]

Sources and evidence

The Appias revision addresses classification and nomenclature. The northern Australian paper documents female colour variation, the larval host and seasonal development; Naturalis supplies a dated Philippine specimen record. [2][3][5]

  1. Appias: museum specimen images and taxonomy ↗

    University of Florida BioCosmos · Accessed 2026-10-09

  2. A revision of Appias (Catophaga) ↗

    Yata and colleagues; Systematic Entomology, 2010 · Accessed 2026-10-09

  3. Occurrence of Appias albina albina (Boisduval, 1836) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae: Pierinae) in northern Australia: phenotypic variation, life history and biology, with remarks on its taxonomic status ↗

    Braby, Lane and Weir; Entomological Science 13(2):258–268 (2010), Australian National University research record · Accessed 2026-10-09

  4. Atlas of Butterflies and Diurnal Moths of Northern Australia: White Albatross account ↗

    Michael F. Braby and collaborators; regional field atlas, DBCA library copy · Accessed 2026-10-09

  5. Appias albina specimen ZMA.INS.5172695: dorsal photograph ↗

    Naturalis Biodiversity Center · Accessed 2026-10-09

Sources checked 2026-10-09. Illustrations · Luminary Oddities.

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